Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) is a single decentralized unit of Costa Rica’s Ministerio del Ambiente, Energia (MINAE; Ministry of Environment and Energy) covering about 2% of Costa Rica in its northwestern corner, slightly south of the southeastern border of Nicaragua (http://www.acguanacaste.ac.cr). Comprising ~1,200 km2 of terrestrial habitat (centered at 10.8 latitude, -85.6 longitude), it is a swath from Pacific coastal mangroves across lowland dry forest (dry season deciduous), up the slopes of three volcanoes to cloud forest (1400–2000 m), and down into Caribbean lowland (90 m) rain forest. It is only 85 km from east to west, yet contains portions of eight Holdridge Life Zones within mosaics of them, some as small as 5 km in linear dimensions and 20 km2. Nearly all of the ACG lowlands have been subjected to four centuries of light to intense cultivation, logging, burning, hunting, ranching, and other forms of habitat destruction, followed by explicit protection and restoration beginning in 1971 and intensifying after 1985 (Janzen 1988, 2000, 2002). The outcome is a mosaic of all imaginable ages and kinds of secondary succession intermingled with tiny to medium-sized fragments of approximations of intact forest (more intact in upper elevations than lower), as well as severe blurring and elimination of interdigitated boundaries between habitats and ecosystems (Janzen 1986-1988). All of the ACG region has also now experienced at least two decades of notable drying and increasing weather unpredictability, rendering it yet more difficult to know if the marked annual and decadal population changes are being generated by climate changes, successional changes, insularization of the ACG ecological island in the agroscape, species-by-species biological serendipity, and/or interactions among all of these (Janzen et al. 2011).
ACG has been the focus of 34+ years of inventory of wild-caught caterpillars, their food plants and their parasitoids, as described in detail in Janzen et al. (2009) and Janzen and Hallwachs (2011), and available in a rearing-by-rearing specimen-based public database at Janzen and Hallwachs (2013). Several taxonomic studies of ACG Microgastrinae have been already published (e.g., Valerio et al. 2005, Grinter et al. 2009, Smith et al. 2008, Valerio et al. 2009, Janzen and Hallwachs 2011, Janzen et al. 2009, Whitfield et al. 2012, Arias-Penna et al. 2013, 2014, Fernández-Triana et al. 2013, 2014a, 2014b). However, there are still many species that remain undiscovered and unnamed.
Based on data from DNA barcoding, we estimate that there are at least one thousand species of microgastrines in ACG. Thus far 229 species have been named, and this site will list the species as work progresses.
List of ACG species of Microgastrinae [Last Update: May 9, 2014].
1. Alphomelon arecaphile Deans, 2003
2. Alphomelon bromeliphilae Deans, 2003
3. Alphomelon conformis Muesebeck, 1958
4. Alphomelon melanoscelis Deans, 2003
5. Alphomelon nanosoma Deans, 2003
6. Alphomelon talidicida Wilkinson, 1931
7. Alphomelon winniewertzae Deans, 2003
8. Alphomelon xestopyga Deans, 2003
9. Apanteles adelinamoralesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
10. Apanteles adrianachavarriae Fernández-Triana, 2014
11. Apanteles adrianaguilarae Fernández-Triana, 2014
12. Apanteles adrianguadamuzi Fernández-Triana, 2014
13. Apanteles aichagirardae Fernández-Triana, 2014
14. Apanteles aidalopezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
15. Apanteles albanjimenezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
16. Apanteles alejandromasisi Fernández-Triana, 2014
17. Apanteles alejandromorai Fernández-Triana, 2014
18. Apanteles alfiopivai Fernández-Triana, 2014
19. Apanteles alonsomatamorosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
20. Apanteles alvarougaldei Fernández-Triana, 2014
21. Apanteles alvaroumanai Fernández-Triana, 2014
22. Apanteles anabellecordobae Fernández-Triana, 2014
23. Apanteles analorenae Fernández-Triana, 2014
24. Apanteles anamarencoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
25. Apanteles anamartinesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
26. Apanteles anapiedrae Fernández-Triana, 2014
27. Apanteles anariasae Fernández-Triana, 2014
28. Apanteles andreacalvoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
29. Apanteles angelsolisi Fernández-Triana, 2014
30. Apanteles arielopezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
31. Apanteles bernardoespinozai Fernández-Triana, 2014
32. Apanteles bernyapuii Fernández-Triana, 2014
33. Apanteles bettymarchenae Fernández-Triana, 2014
34. Apanteles bienvenidaechavarriae Fernández-Triana, 2014
35. Apanteles calixtomoragai Fernández-Triana, 2014
36. Apanteles carloscastilloi Fernández-Triana, 2014
37. Apanteles carlosguadamuzi Fernández-Triana, 2014
38. Apanteles carloshernandezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
39. Apanteles carlosrodriguezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
40. Apanteles carlosviquezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
41. Apanteles carloszunigai Fernández-Triana, 2014
42. Apanteles carolinacanoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
43. Apanteles christianzunigai Fernández-Triana, 2014
44. Apanteles cinthiabarrantesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
45. Apanteles ciriloumanai Fernández-Triana, 2014
46. Apanteles cristianalemani Fernández-Triana, 2014
47. Apanteles cynthiacorderoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
48. Apanteles deifiliadavilae Fernández-Triana, 2014
49. Apanteles dickyui Fernández-Triana, 2014
50. Apanteles didiguadamuzi Fernández-Triana, 2014
51. Apanteles diegoalpizari Fernández-Triana, 2014
52. Apanteles diegotorresi Fernández-Triana, 2014
53. Apanteles diniamartinezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
54. Apanteles duniagarciae Fernández-Triana, 2014
55. Apanteles duvalierbricenoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
56. Apanteles edgarjimenezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
57. Apanteles edithlopezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
58. Apanteles eduardoramirezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
59. Apanteles edwinapuii Fernández-Triana, 2014
60. Apanteles eldarayae Fernández-Triana, 2014
61. Apanteles erickduartei Fernández-Triana, 2014
62. Apanteles estercentenoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
63. Apanteles eugeniaphilipsae Fernández-Triana, 2014
64. Apanteles eulogiosequeirai Fernández-Triana, 2014
65. Apanteles felipechavarriai Fernández-Triana, 2014
66. Apanteles felixcarmonai Fernández-Triana, 2014
67. Apanteles fernandochavarriai Fernández-Triana, 2014
68. Apanteles flormoralesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
69. Apanteles franciscopizarroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
70. Apanteles franciscoramirezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
71. Apanteles freddyquesadai Fernández-Triana, 2014
72. Apanteles freddysalazari Fernández-Triana, 2014
73. Apanteles gabrielagutierrezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
74. Apanteles garygibsoni Fernández-Triana, 2014
75. Apanteles gerardobandoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
76. Apanteles gerardosandovali Fernández-Triana, 2014
77. Apanteles gladysrojasae Fernández-Triana, 2014
78. Apanteles glenriverai Fernández-Triana, 2014
79. Apanteles gloriasihezarae Fernández-Triana, 2014
80. Apanteles guadaluperodriguezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
81. Apanteles guillermopereirai Fernández-Triana, 2014
82. Apanteles gustavoindunii Fernández-Triana, 2014
83. Apanteles harryramirezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
84. Apanteles hectorsolisi Fernández-Triana, 2014
85. Apanteles humbertolopezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
86. Apanteles inesolisae Fernández-Triana, 2014
87. Apanteles irenecarrilloi Fernández-Triana, 2014
88. Apanteles isaacbermudezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
89. Apanteles isidrochaconi Fernández-Triana, 2014
90. Apanteles isidrovillegasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
91. Apanteles ivonnetranae Fernández-Triana, 2014
92. Apanteles jairomoyai Fernández-Triana, 2014
93. Apanteles javiercontrerasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
94. Apanteles javierobandoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
95. Apanteles javiersihezari Fernández-Triana, 2014
96. Apanteles jesusbrenesi Fernández-Triana, 2014
97. Apanteles jesusugaldei Fernández-Triana, 2014
98. Apanteles jimmychevezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
99. Apanteles johanvargasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
100. Apanteles jorgecortesi Fernández-Triana, 2014
101. Apanteles jorgehernandezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
102. Apanteles josecalvoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
103. Apanteles josecortezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
104. Apanteles josediazi Fernández-Triana, 2014
105. Apanteles josejaramilloi Fernández-Triana, 2014
106. Apanteles josemonteroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
107. Apanteles joseperezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
108. Apanteles joserasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
109. Apanteles juanapuii Fernández-Triana, 2014
110. Apanteles juancarrilloi Fernández-Triana, 2014
111. Apanteles juangazoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
112. Apanteles juanhernandezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
113. Apanteles juanlopezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
114. Apanteles juanvictori Fernández-Triana, 2014
115. Apanteles juliodiazi Fernández-Triana, 2014
116. Apanteles juniorlopezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
117. Apanteles keineraragoni Fernández-Triana, 2014
118. Apanteles laurahuberae Fernández-Triana, 2014
119. Apanteles laurenmoralesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
120. Apanteles leninguadamuzi Fernández-Triana, 2014
121. Apanteles leonelgarayi Fernández-Triana, 2014
122. Apanteles lilliammenae Fernández-Triana, 2014
123. Apanteles lisabearssae Fernández-Triana, 2014
124. Apanteles luciarosae Fernández-Triana, 2014
125. Apanteles luisbrizuelai Fernández-Triana, 2014
126. Apanteles luiscanalesi Fernández-Triana, 2014
127. Apanteles luiscantillanoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
128. Apanteles luisgarciai Fernández-Triana, 2014
129. Apanteles luisgaritai Fernández-Triana, 2014
130. Apanteles luishernandezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
131. Apanteles luislopezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
132. Apanteles luisvargasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
133. Apanteles manuelarayai Fernández-Triana, 2014
134. Apanteles manuelpereirai Fernández-Triana, 2014
135. Apanteles manuelriosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
136. Apanteles manuelzumbadoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
137. Apanteles marcobustosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
138. Apanteles marcogonzalezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
139. Apanteles marcovenicioi Fernández-Triana, 2014
140. Apanteles mariaguevarae Fernández-Triana, 2014
141. Apanteles marialuisariasae Fernández-Triana, 2014
142. Apanteles mariamendezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
143. Apanteles marianopereirai Fernández-Triana, 2014
144. Apanteles mariatorrentesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
145. Apanteles mariobozai Fernández-Triana, 2014
146. Apanteles marisolarroyoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
147. Apanteles marisolnavarroae Fernández-Triana, 2014
148. Apanteles marvinmendozai Fernández-Triana, 2014
149. Apanteles mauricioguardiani Fernández-Triana, 2014
150. Apanteles milenagutierrezae Fernández-Triana, 2014
151. Apanteles monicachavarriae Fernández-Triana, 2014
152. Apanteles oscarchavezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
153. Apanteles osvaldoespinozai Fernández-Triana, 2014
154. Apanteles pablotranai Fernández-Triana, 2014
155. Apanteles pabloumanai Fernández-Triana, 2014
156. Apanteles pablovasquezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
157. Apanteles paulaixcamparijae Fernández-Triana, 2014
158. Apanteles pedroleoni Fernández-Triana, 2014
159. Apanteles petronariosae Fernández-Triana, 2014
160. Apanteles randallgarciai Fernández-Triana, 2014
161. Apanteles randallmartinezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
162. Apanteles raulacevedoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
163. Apanteles raulsolorsanoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
164. Apanteles renecastroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
165. Apanteles ricardocaleroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
166. Apanteles robertmontanoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
167. Apanteles robertoespinozai Fernández-Triana, 2014
168. Apanteles robertovargasi Fernández-Triana, 2014
169. Apanteles rodrigogamezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
170. Apanteles rogerblancoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
171. Apanteles rolandoramosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
172. Apanteles rolandovegai Fernández-Triana, 2014
173. Apanteles ronaldcastroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
174. Apanteles ronaldgutierrezi Fernández-Triana, 2014
175. Apanteles ronaldmurilloi Fernández-Triana, 2014
176. Apanteles ronaldnavarroi Fernández-Triana, 2014
177. Apanteles ronaldquirosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
178. Apanteles ronaldzunigai Fernández-Triana, 2014
179. Apanteles rosibelelizondoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
180. Apanteles ruthfrancoae Fernández-Triana, 2014
181. Apanteles samarshalli Fernández-Triana, 2014
182. Apanteles sergiocascantei Fernández-Triana, 2014
183. Apanteles sergioriosi Fernández-Triana, 2014
184. Apanteles tiboshartae Fernández-Triana, 2014
185. Apanteles vannesabrenesae Fernández-Triana, 2014
186. Apanteles veravarelae Fernández-Triana, 2014
187. Apanteles victorbarrantesi Fernández-Triana, 2014
188. Apanteles waldymedinai Fernández-Triana, 2014
189. Apanteles wilbertharayai Fernández-Triana, 2014
190. Apanteles williamcamposi Fernández-Triana, 2014
191. Apanteles yeissonchavesi Fernández-Triana, 2014
192. Apanteles yilbertalvaradoi Fernández-Triana, 2014
193. Apanteles yolandarojasae Fernández-Triana, 2014
194. Apanteles zdenkapiskulichae Fernández-Triana, 2014
195. Apanteles zeneidabolanosae Fernández-Triana, 2014
196. Distatrix loretta Grinter, 2009
197. Distatrix pitillaensis Grinter, 2009
198. Distatrix vigilis Grinter, 2009
199. Distatrix xanadon Grinter, 2009
200. Iconella andydeansi Fernández-Triana, 2013
201. Iconella jayjayrodriguezae Fernández-Triana, 2013
202. Mariapanteles felipei Whitfield, 2012
203. Microplitis espinachi Walker, 2003
204. Microplitis figueresi Walker, 2003
205. Microplitis marini Whitfield, 2003
206. Papanteles peckorum Mason, 1981
207. Parapanteles complexus Valerio & Janzen, 2009
208. Parapanteles continua Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
209. Parapanteles em Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
210. Parapanteles mariae Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
211. Parapanteles paradoxus Muesebeck, 1958
212. Parapanteles polus Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
213. Parapanteles scotti Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
214. Parapanteles sicpolus Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
215. Parapanteles tessares Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
216. Parapanteles tlinea Valerio & Whitfield, 2009
217. Prasmodon almasolisae Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
218. Prasmodon bobpoolei Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
219. Prasmodon bobrobbinsi Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
220. Prasmodon dondavisi Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
221. Prasmodon eminens Nixon, 1965
222. Prasmodon johnbrowni Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
223. Prasmodon mikepoguei Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
224. Prasmodon paulgoldsteini Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
225. Prasmodon scottmilleri Fernández-Triana & Whitfield, 2014
226. Prasmodon zlotnicki Valerio & Rodriguez, 2005
227. Promicrogaster munda Muesebeck, 1958
228. Rhygoplitis aciculatus Ashmead, 1900
229. Wilkinsonellus alexsmithi Arias-Penna & Whitfield, 2013